Travel books

E-books have obvious advantages for travelers, as one can carry many of them on a single device such as a tablet or a smartphone. However, conventional, paper-based travel guides, still have their place. In particular, I like to be able to read as my airplane is taxying to the takeoff position and before the “you can use your electronic devices” announcement is made. Having said this, for my new destinations, I prefer electronic versions of travel books.

For my current trip to Shanghai, I am bringing a hard copy that already travelled with me to China three years ago.

  

Gear list

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I do not have a specific photography agenda for my upcoming trip to Shanghai. I will have only a couple of days available for photography, but the destination is so exotic that I want to take enough gear to not be limited in the types of shots I can take. At the same time, I plan to carry most gear with me as I wonder around the city, so excessive weight can easily become a limiting factor itself.

With all this in mind, here is my tentative gear list for the trip, based on my prior experience:

  • Canon EOS-1D X camera body. It is bulkier and heavier that my 5D Mark II, but fast autofocus and much better low-light performance of the 1D X really tip the metaphorical scale. If I had a 5D Mark III, it would have been a perfect compromise for travel.
  • 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USM lens.This is the heaviest lens that I plan to take. Leaving it at home would save a lot of weight and space, but this lens is incredibly versatile. In fact, most of my best photos are taken with it. Besides, one type of shot that I do plan to take is a night-time cityscape, similar to the one from Yokohama (above), and this lens is the perfect one for this job.
  • 35mm f/1.4L USM lens. This is currently my favourite walk-around lens. I was debating wheteher to take a 24-105mm f/4 L IS USM lens instead, but I am willing to sacrifice its zoom and image stabilization for incredible low-light performance, shallow depth of field as well as physical size and weight of the 35mm f/1.4L.
  • 16-35mm f/2.8L II USM lens for close-up shots of architectural details, like the shot from the Forbidden City below.
  • Tripod. I have a slightly different tripod from the one in the link, but carbon is the key for saving weight.
  • Flash. Mine is an older model from the one in the link.

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On entitlement

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The term “entitlement” has gained some negative connotations in recent years, as many people, at least in North America, where I live, are abusing the opportunity to customize their circumstances to suit their particular needs, as Malcolm Gladwell describes this phenomenon in “Outliers: The Story of Success.”

I believe that a sense of entitlement is quite contagious and counter-productive in many fields. I my spheres of academic research, teaching, photography and kendo, for example, it is incredibly easy to take for granted the tremendous benefits that my work as a professor afford to my pursuit of photography, through taking me to various interesting places around the world for conferences, providing me with time and incentives to learn about the state-of-the-art imaging techniques and hardware, etc. The same can be said about, kendo, where we have a luxury of an incredible level of personalized instruction, even by Japanese standards (perhaps, especially by Japanese standards).

I agree with Jon Acuff, the author of “Do Over” that to completely reverse the sense of entitlement is only possibly by quitting one’s current occupation, pursuit, etc. in order to allow humility to work its way into the daily experience and undo the damage of taking things for granted. Without going to such an extreme, hoverer, it might be possible to at least keep the entitlement in check by consciously noticing and making use of the opportunities that surround us.

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Headshots using window light

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I am planning to take headshots of colleagues from the Mathematics department for their website. My wife, who works there, and I met for lunch and explored possible locations and settings for the photo shoot.

The math building has huge windows that spans the entire wall facing the courtyard. Since the shoot will happen during daytime, I want to use this window as the main light source for the photos. Since the window is very large compared to the subject (a statistically-average math professor), the lighting that the window casts on the subject is very “soft”, i.e. the transitions between the light and the shadows are very gradual, which is typically flattering to the above-mentioned math prof (or any typical human being, for that matter.) I will use a white plastic card sticking out from an on-camera flash to create a catchlight in the subject’s eyes. This also has an added benefit of slightly filling in the shadows on the side of the face opposite from the window. Combining flash with window light is not an issue from colour-matching standpoint, since the flash is daylight-balanced.

I plan to use the Canon EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USM lens on a Canon EOS-1D X body. The longer the focal length, the less prominent the protruding facial features (read: nose) appear in the photo, which, again, makes the statistically-average math professor appear more photogenic and more closely approaching the unrealistic standard of human beauty perpetuated by professional models.

I plan to shoot wide open, at f/2.8, or maybe slightly stopped down in order to blur the background, which will be just the interior of the mathematics building. I do not want to set up a paper or fabric background, since there are several alternatives offered by the interior itself: an abstract, brightly-colored mural (the window would provide a frontal light in this case – the easiest setup), a grey-coloured staircase receding into the distance (subject facing sideways from the window – the best background colour and most artistic lighting) or the exterior courtyard (subject facing mostly away from the window – nice edge light in this case, but a lot of fill-in flash required, which is not ideal.) I am curious to find out which background/lighting combination would be most popular among the math professors.

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Cheburashka and his moai

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I am continually amazed that my three-year old daughter is enjoying some of the same cartoon characters that I grew up with, even though we came to know them in different cultural settings and in different countries. One particularly interesting character is Cheburashka, “an animal unknown to science,” who accidentally finds himself in Moscow and befriends a Crocodile, who works at the zoo as a crocodile. The animated movies about Cheburashka were originally made in Soviet Union in the 1960’s and 70’s and, after much copyright controversy, are currently produced by both South Korean and Japanese companies. Cheburashka is quite popular in Japan, as my wife and I were shocked to discover back in 2007 by walking into a huge Cheburashka-themed store in Roppongi Hills in Tokyo. To me, Cheburashka’s comeback to popularity through foreign culture seems rather symbolic.

I think one of the secrets of this character’s popularity and longevity is that the central theme of the stories about him is friendship. In Japan, the term moai refers to a small group of close friends outside of one’s work and family. Dan Buettner, in his book about world’s healthiest and happiest people called “The Blue Zones Solution,” identifies moai as one of the contributing elements to longevity of people from Okinawa, one of the “blue zones” reported in the study. In some cultures (certainly in all “blue zones”), moais form naturally, but in North America in general, “one needs to work at it,” according to Buettner. Making friends is not always easy, and creating a life-long moai that is sufficiently small to be intimate and, therefore, effective (about five people) is fundamentally different from being superficially (often, virtually) active in a large social network.

It is fascinating that in 1960’s, in the Soviet Union, fictional Cheburashka and his friends were bringing small groups of friends together, which is not unlike “blue zone” social projects that occupy progressive minds of the present day US of A.

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Travel plans

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Rolf Potts, the author of “Vagabonding: An Uncommon Guide to the Art of Long-Term World Travel,” points out that the experience of travel starts at home, during the initial planning phase, where we first start looking at maps of the future destinations. I am currently at the stage of finalizing the details of my first-ever trip to Shanghai. It will be a relatively short visit, part of which will be taken up by a research conference. Still, I will have a couple of days to explore the place on my own. This is a typical mode of travel for me, and I find it effective to do it with an assumption that there will be chance to return to the same place in the future. Although everything changes, and the same experience cannot be repeated, this mindset removes some of the pressure of attempting to see too much in too short of a time.

One important aspect of travel planning is that it forces us to address the issues at work and at home that otherwise would have lingered on the background of daily business for a long time. Travel dates, defined by the booked airplane tickets, serve as a rigid deadline for either completing or dropping projects on the to-do list. Either way, addressing these lingering projects in a definitive way, gives the future trip a sense of reality by freeing up mental energy and distraction-free time for it. In this sense, doing the work that enable the travel is the first and fundamental part of the travel experience.

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Art and science: recipe for a breakthrough

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“Although motorcycle riding is romantic, motorcycle maintenance is purely classic.”

-Robert M.Pirsig, “Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance

Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance” is a book that keeps surprising me with the depth of its inquiry into some of the very fundamental philosophical dilemmas. For example, it has an interesting discussion of two seemingly unreconsciable ways of looking at things, phenomena or processes: a “classic”, or analytic, and a “romantic”, or artistic way.

Needless to say, to be able to combine both approaches is very difficult, but perhaps a relatively straightforward way of making a meaningfull contribution in either sphere would be to apply state-of-the-art techniques and know-how from the other sphere. This idea is similar to multi-disciplinary scientific research, where breakthroughs often occur at the junction between two or more separate fields.

For example, one could use analytic classification as an approach to art. This, in fact, has been done throughout the ages by using the principles of geometry, psychology and optics in architecture and painting. An extreme example of perfect symbiosis of the “classic” and the “romantic” approaches in Seurat‘s theory of chromoluminarism, which utilizes optical mixing of colours (an additive process), instead of physical mixing of pigments (a subtractive process.)

The inverse (applying the “romantic” approach to science) is a bit less obvious, but I believe it can be done very effectively. There are two points of opportunity for this in a scientific workflow: 1) examining and communicating the impact of the phenomenon under consideration as a whole, before it has been analyzed and 2) looking for and pursuing the aesthetics in the analytic process itself.

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Foreground interest

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In Robert Pirsig’s book “Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance“, there is an episode when the riders marvel at the expanse of the prairie and John, one of the main characters, comments that landscapes like that are difficult to photograph, because there is nothing there: “This is the hardest stuff in the world to photograph. You need a three-hundred-and-sixty-degree lens, or something. You see it, and then you look down in the ground glass and it’s just nothing. As soon as you put a border on it, it’s gone.”

Actually, one straightforward way to address the apparent lack of the compositional focus is to include a foreground element that would serve as an anchor point for the composition and a scale reference. In the case of the motorcyclists, their machines or even one of them could have made an excellent foreground.

Alternatively, setting the camera very low to the ground can allow a flower, a rock or a blade of grass to be included in the frame in the foreground. It should be noted that achieving sufficient depth of field becomes an issue is this situation. Even at high f-numbers (f/16 or f/22), it is usually impossible to keep both the foreground and the background in focus (and this is what is usually desired in a landscape). One needs to make choice what to focus on and where to sacrifice sharpness. The ultimate solution is to use composite focus, where two frames with different focal points are taken and later combined in post-processing.

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Over-processing

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Image post-processing is most effective if it is either so subtle that a viewer does not notice it or, on the contrary, so dominant that there can be no mistake that it has been done deliberately. 

Having post-processing as the main ingredient of the image is challenging because it can compete for the viewer’so attention with other elements (composition, subject, etc), so that the effect of each of them will be reduced. 

On the other hand, subtle processing does not necessarily mean a small amount of it. In fact, as the digital technology continues to develop, I believe that the overall workflow will become more back-loaded, where creative decisions about composition, lighting, and perhaps even focus, will be done at the post-processing stage.

Having said this, it has been widely speculated that still photography would soon be replaced by grabbing frames from high-resolution video, but this proposition over-simplifies the relation between stills and video. The latter is typically shot at relatively low shutter speed to produce blur in the individual frames, which makes the motion look natural.

In any case, even if a photo is taken with heavy post-processing in mind, it is important to be aware of the general desired effect and where it can be achieved more effectively and/or efficiently during shooting.

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When less is more

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Using self-imposed constraints in the way the information is delivered can make the message more powerful. Similarly, economy of information, i.e. how much of it is being transmitted, is also an important concept. Amanda Palmer pointed this out in her interview with Tim Ferriss in relation to music, but I believe it also applies to visual arts and teaching.

In photography, painting, calligraphy, etc., the use of negative space allows the viewer to complete his/her own personal version of the image, given the limited amount of visual clues provided by the artist. Personally, being a fan of Japanese art, I would like to explore simplifying the composition and limiting visual elements in some of my typical shooting scenarios (sports, travel, landscapes, portraits) without necessarily resorting to minimalism.

On a similar note, teaching often fails by providing the students with too much content (for their level of knowledge, duration of the class, etc.) and rarely (if ever) by giving too little information. Leaving something for self-study allows the students to engage with the material and make it “their own”. I must say that having just finished teaching a relatively large course, I am looking forward to limiting the course-related information that I both receive and transmit to bare minimum for the next few months.

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