Jogging in Maiori

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Two years ago in Genoa, or more precisely in a neighbouring village of Boccadasse, I was surprised by how many people were jogging along the seashore in the middle of the day. It was contrary to my stereotypical expectation of Italian lifestyle of everybody taking long siestas in the afternoon. If I squinted hard and blocked out the views of hilltop villas and “Genova rosso”-coloured houses, I could imagine that I was in California.

Things are completely different in Maiori. Maybe, it has to do with the Southern Italian mentality. Maybe, I am seeing things differently in vacation mode. But during our first two days here, I din’t see a single person jogging on the street. There are also not many model-like bodies in the latest-season swimsuits. The general impression is not of an effortless visual perfection that people in Milan project. Instead, the tourists here (majority of them Italians) seem to be very relaxed about their physical conditioning, healthy eating and fitness.

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Still, I was determined not to drop my running routine, which took me a good portion of the past year to establish. So in the morning two days ago, I woke up early and set to explore the town. I ran East long the Amalfi Drive and in no time found myself outside the town limits. The road was narrow and winding, and I thought that it was good that we didn’t rent a car during this trip. Even at the early hour there was some traffic, and even being on foot, I had to watch out for the oncoming cars and hug the cliffs to let them through. My average pace on that run was quite poor, because I stopped at every corner to snap a photo with my phone – another thing that would have been impossible if I was driving. The “scenic point” parking spots are few, far between and tiny.

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Sports photography: pushing the shutter speed limit

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Freezing the motion while shooting an indoor sport like basketball requires a high shutter speed. I used to shoot at around 1/1000 sec with an 1/2.8 lens on my Canon 1D X camera body. The indoor games are usually poorly lit, so the ISO (and the associated noise) increases significantly as the shutter speed increases (the exposure time decreases). Thankfully, the 1D X has excellent low-light performance. Besides, noise in a sport photo is more acceptable than in a landscape, for example.

Stil, there is a continuous pursuit of cleaner ad crispier images, so I have been experimenting with pushing the lower limit of the shutter speed to see when the motion blur would become unacceptable. What is acceptable is somewhat subjective, but in this case, I would like to have start images of the athletes’ faces, while allowing some motion blur in the other parts of their bodies (which actually enhances the visual impact of the photo). Also, I want to have a reasonable success rate of this kind of images. Every now and then, it is possible to capture a sharp photo even at 1/200 sec or so (I have done it by accident), but this happens purely by luck and shooting at such a low shutter speed would not be practical from a professional standpoint.

I found that with longer focal lengths (e.g. shooting with a 70 – 200 mm f/2.8 L IS), the sutter speed of 1/640 sec is a limit, while with a wider lens (e.g. a 35 mm f/1.4 L), I could shoot as slow as 1/500 sec. The difference is due to the shallower depth of field (DOF) of the longer lens (at the same f-number). Actually, the shallow DOF is highly desirable, as it allows to visually separate the subject from the background.

My general conclusion is that it is a good idea to vary the shutter speed (in the range of 1/500 – 1/1000 sec), as well as the lenses, in the course of the game. I would start with the long lens and fast shutter speed to make sure that I capture some “keeper” images and than try other lens/settings combinations in the hope to capture some more unique shots.

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Start of the season

More photos here: http://ow.ly/RQanc

The start of our university’s sports season, and my first photoshoot of the season, happened under ideal conditions, photographically speaking. The women’s soccer game that I was shooting took place in the late afternoon, so the lighting was ideal – bright enough to keep the ISO low and diffuser enough to make the shadows soft. I had sufficient time to shoot and process the photos without any rush, because the academic year, with its own obligations has not started yet.

To add to the nice experience, my family was there to watch the game while I was shooting. Everybody enjoyed the event, even though our team lost.

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Climbing

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The photoshoot at the grand opening of our university’s new athletic centre turned out to be much more excited than I expected. I only had about an hour to spend shooting during the lunch break of a research workshop that I was attending across the campus.

The star feature of the new athletics building is a climbing wall, on which young athletes demonstrated their skills to the visiting public. The climbing instructors offered me to climb to the top and shoot the athletes looking down at them. I jumped at the opportunity, even though I have never climbed before in my life. It turned out to be a lot of fun, but I have to admit that for the first few minutes after I let go of the wall and spun around to face the climbers, who were coming towards me, I was too terrified to really think about photography matters, such as composition, exposure and focus.

In retrospect, climbing seems to be a very photogenic sport. It is a skill that is well worth learning, even just to gain better opportunities to shoot those, who are really good at it.

Note: Our university’s media officials asked us not to publish the photos, so they could use them first to promote the new building. So the photos in this post are, in fact, from another gym.

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Focal length and autofocus speed

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A fast lens, such as Canon’s 85mm f1.2L II USM, can do wonders in terms of improving noise levels in indoor sports photos. When shooting wide open, at f/1.2, I can regularly use the shutter speed of about 1/800 sec and an ISO of 8000 in very dim light during basketball games or kendo events. For comparison, the same shutter speed at f/2.8 pushes the ISO to 16500 or even 25000. For a Canon EOS-1D X camera body, this increase in the ISO means a step from minimal noise levels to those that require dedicated post-processing.

The problem with the 85mm f1.2L II USM lens is that it focusses very slowly. Its optical elements are so massive that even thought the camera’s autofocus system sends correct commands, it takes considerable time for the motors to physically move the glass into position. The 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USM lens, on the other hand, focusses lightning-fast, particularly if the subject is shot from farther away, at the focal length of 200 mm (compared to 85 mm.)

The advantage of shooting from far away using a longer focal length is that an equivalent motion of the subject causes smaller apparent displacement on the sensor of the camera (think about the classical example of an airplane appearing to move very slowly when viewed from far away, while a bicyclist at 1 m away shooting through your field of view in a fraction of a second.) Because the apparent displacement is small, the optics has to be only slightly adjusted to track the subject.

The bottom line is that a longer but slower (higher minimum f-number) lens will produce noisier images, but will yield a higher success rate in terms of the number of sharp images. Therefore, for a critical photo shoot, I would start with the 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USM lens, and after making sure that I have captured a few sharp images, I would switch to the 85mm f1.2L II USM to potentially get one or two spectacular ones.

More photos here: https://flic.kr/s/aHsk92gBmH

On training

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Training to improve physical fitness not only directly benefits photography by improving work capacity through endurance and enabling certain types of shots that would have been inaccessible for a less fit individual, but it also helps improving one’s skills by developing relevant learning and traing methods.

I wrote earlier about the importance of overcoming self-imposed challenges for developing one’s craft – the photographer’s artistic skill set. This concept is similar to the principle of progressive over-loading used in strength training. Taking the analogy further, it is well know in the world of physical training that continuously increasing the load (e.g. the weight of the barbell) would result in over-training. Increasing the amount of the exercise would eventually lead to the same result: diminishing returns and ultimately, a burnout.

An effective way to challenge one’s fitness level without monotonically increasing the training intensity is to periodically learn a new sport or physical activity, which is known as cross training. I think that in art, such as photography, a similar approach of exploring a new genre or learning a new technique can help in breaking through a creative plateau. Moreover, the habit of regularly trying new things would have a cumulative effect on other related habits, such as involving other people in photo projects, exploring different workflows, composition, lighting, post processing, and publishing media.

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Fitness for photography

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Some types of photography require the photographer to be physically fit, to a certain degree. Shooting extreme sports, such as rock climbing, for example, naturally requires one to be proficient enough in the sport in order to be able to keep up with the athletes (if they are climbing in the actual mountains and not in a gym, where a photographer does not have to do any climbing.) Underwater photography is another obvious example, where physical ability is crucial.

However, even in less obvious situations, such as travel, street or action photography, physical fitness is a definite asset. Endurance, in particular, enables one to cover larger distances on foot, carry more gear and minimize camera shake while hand-holding heavy “fast” lenses. There many ways, of course, to compensate for the lack of strength or endurance, for example, by using some form of transportation, carrying less or lighter gear, shooting from a tripod, etc. (BTW, in my experience, a carbon fibre tripod is a must for travel use.) Over time, however, there would be certain situations where lack of endurance would result in missed shots.

I have recently heard an interview with Kelly Starrett, a trainer of high-profile athletes a the author of “Becoming a Supple Leopard.” He mentioned that the key element in improving endurance and physical mobility in general is to improve one’s posture. According to him, there are several fundamental postures and basic movements that are common in many types of activities (e.g. standing, squatting, etc.) Training to improve (or correct) these postures allows one to utilize the skeleton, rather than muscles, to absorb most of the stress of the motion (or lack thereof. )

Following this advice, I try to be conscious of my posture while hand-holding a 300mm f/2.8L IS lens during a soccer game or shooting from a sitting position at the side of a basketball court.

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Action photography: when to stop shooting

More photos here: http://ow.ly/JsaO5

In sports and action photography, capturing the decisive moment of the action is most important. High framing rate of a modern DSLR greatly helps in this respect. Having said this, there is a fine balance between capturing an interesting moment and shooting too much during a sports event.

I find that sometimes it is better to stop shooting, look up from the viewfinder and just observe the athletes, the venue, the spectators, the referees, etc. Doing so calibrates my overall experience of the event and provides the necessary pause to decide what would be the best subject, the lens, the viewing angle, etc. to convey my impression of the game to the viewer of the resulting photograph. By the way, I think that the impression of the event photographer is inherently valuable, if only for the unique proximity to the action that this position provides.

This balance between shooting and observing has some parallels to the larger issue of presence over productivity, which has been raised by many authors (e.g. Anne Dillard in her “The Writing Life.”) I personally find that so much value is presently placed on action, that it is easy to miss the point, when the action becomes mindless and the original intent of it is lost.

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Swimming

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Two days of covering a national swimming championship made for a very long photography weekend. Even though it was one of high-volume photoshoots, which I typically enjoy less than more relaxed personal projects, I was able to experiment with various types of shots and settings.

What I did not have a chance to try, due to the pressure to deliver images for press releases, is shooting with super slow shutter speeds to produce motion blur. Typically, I try to freeze the motion, which pretty much guarantees some interesting shots, since the spectators cannon see this level of detail in the swimmers’ facial expressions with the naked eye (or even with telephoto lenses) from the stands. A shutter speed as slow as 1/500 sec can freeze the motion of the swimmers, but capturing the sharp images of the water droplets requires am minimum of 1/800 sec (with a 300mm f/2.8L IS USM lens.) Capturing the start of the race, when the athletes jump into the pool, requires even shorter exposure times (as short as 1/1600 sec with a 70-200mm f/2.8L IS USM lens at 70 mm.)

Another variation from my typical camera presets was in the autofocus tracking settings on my Canon EOS-1D X. Instead of the “soccer mode”, I  experimented with the “tennis mode”, which ignores the objects that appear between the lens and the subject during tracking. This mode helped with keeping the focus on the athletes’ faces behind the splashes, which tend to confuse the autofocus.

More photos here: http://ow.ly/JmLqn

Ultimate

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Today I had a chance to shoot a new sport for the first time – a game of ultimate (frisbee) between our university and UBC. The weather was beautiful, although the light was contrasty. At the beginning, there was an adjustment period, when I was figuring out the rhythm of the game and identifying the typical action patterns. It made me appreciate the value of knowing the game and the individual players – something that nowadays I take for granted when shooting our university’s basketball and soccer games.

Frisbee action is very photogenic, with many jumps and fast running. I was also pleasantly surprised by the friendly atmosphere of both the men’s and the women’s matches. I have not seen this level of positivity towards the opposing teams in any other sport.

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